Table 1 Simulation parameters for the four algorithms with α = 1.8, 1.5, and 1.2

SVS-RMN

μ = 0.035, η = 1

μ = 0.035, η = 1

μ = 0.035, η = 1

Volterra LMP [16]

N₁ = 5, N₂ = 25

μ = 3e−3, μ = 5e−5

N₁ = 5, N₂ = 25

μ = 3e−3, μ = 5e−5

N₁ = 5, N₂ = 25

μ = 3e−4, μ = 5e−5

VS-SKLMP [26]

σ = 5, η = 1

σ = 4, η = 1

σ = 4, η = 1

RMN [30]

μ = 0.0015

μ = 0.0015

μ = 0.0015